gaseous plant hormone that triggers fruit ripening and plant senescence.
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Names | |||
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IUPAC name
Ethene
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.742 | ||
EC Number | 200-815-3 | ||
KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C 2H 4 | |||
Molar mass | 28.054 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | colorless gas | ||
Density | 1.178 kg/m3 at 15 °C, gas | ||
Melting point | −169.2 °C (−272.6 °F; 104.0 K) | ||
Boiling point | −103.7 °C (−154.7 °F; 169.5 K) | ||
3.5 mg/100 mL (17 °C);[citation needed] 2.9 mg/L | |||
Solubility in ethanol | 4.22 mg/L | ||
Solubility in diethyl ether | good | ||
Acidity (pKa) | 44 | ||
Conjugate acid | Ethenium | ||
-15.30·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Structure | |||
D2h | |||
zero | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar
entropy (S |
219.32 J·K−1·mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
+52.47 kJ/mol | ||
Hazards | |||
Safety data sheet | See: data page ICSC 0475 | ||
EU classification (DSD) (outdated)
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F+ | ||
R-phrases (outdated) | R12 R67 | ||
S-phrases (outdated) | (S2) S9 S16 S33 S46 | ||
NFPA 704 | |||
Flash point | −136 °C (−213 °F; 137 K) | ||
542.8 °C (1,009.0 °F; 815.9 K) | |||
Related compounds
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Ethane Acetylene Propene | ||
Supplementary data page | |||
Refractive index (n), Dielectric constant (εr), etc. | |||
Thermodynamic
data |
Phase behaviour solid–liquid–gas | ||
UV, IR, NMR, MS | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
verify (what is ?) | |||
Infobox references | |||
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C
2H
4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colorless flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon-carbon double bonds).
Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 150 million tonnes in 2016) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward polyethylene, a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. Ethylene's hydrate is ethanol.