Arboriculture Glossary of Terms
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- water budgeta calculation. based on precipitation and environmental factors. that establishes the minimum irrigation needed to maintain plant health.
- water-holding capacityability of a soil to hold moisture.
- water-insoluble nitrogen (WIN)nitrogen fertilizer in a form that is not readily soluble in water.
- water knotvariation of the overhand knot. Used in joining the two ends of a length of webbing to create a [ loop sling (see beer knot).
- water qualitychemical. biological. and physical characteristics of a water source.
- water soakedInitial stage of leaf necrosis in spots or irregular-shaped areas
- water tableupper level of groundwater in the soil.
- watershootsee watersprout.
- watersproutupright. epicormic shoot arising from the [ trunk or branches of a plant above the root graft or soil line. Incorrectly called a sucker (contrast with sucker).
- WBVwhole body vibration
- WCAWildlife and Countryside Act
- webbingsturdy fabric woven in narrow widths for use where a strong connector or redirect is required.
- webbing sling (web sling)length of sewn webbing. often formed into a loop. used as an attachment in rigging.
- weightforce created by the action of the earth (gravity) on an object.
- wet feetRoots rep atedly or continually exposed to water-saturated soil conditions
- wetlandland where water saturation is the dominant factor determining the nature of soil development and the types of plant and animal communities living in and on the soil.
- white anta term often referring to termite.
- whoopie slingsling with one fixed eye and one adjustable eye. made from hollow-braid rope.
- whorledleaves. twigs. or branches arranged in a circle around a point on the stem (contrast with alternate and opposite). r
- wildlifeanimals living in a natural. undomesticated state.
- wilt1) n. loss of turgor and subsequent drooping of leaves and young stems; a symptom. 2) n. infectious disease caused by a particular agent on a particular host or range of hosts. 3) v. to lose turgor or to wilt.
- wilting pointsee permanent wilting point.
- WINwater-insoluble nitrogen
- windsailingeffect caused by the wind on a tree's crown.
- windthrowtree failure due to uprooting caused by wind.
- winter burnspecific to conifers and broadleaf evergreens. When soil freezes and moisture cannot be absorbed through the roots and/or transported through the trunk. the foliage dies and becomes brown or reddish brown.
- winter killinjury from cold winter temperatures.
- wire baskettype of metal basket used to support the root ball of a balled and bur lapped tree or a tree dug with a tree spade.
- wire ropea cable fabricated from individual wires twisted together in a uniform helical arrangement. Wire rope used in arboricultural applications typically contains 7 groups of 19 wires each. See aircraft cable.
- wire rope clampa clamp consisting of a U-bolt. bracing plate. and fastening nuts.
- wire stropflip line with a steel core.
- wire zonesection of a utility transmission right-of way directly under the wires. and extending to a utility specified distance (e.g.. 60% of phase spacing; 10 ft. or 3m) on each side. The wire zone is typically managed to sustain a low-growing forb. grass. herb. and shrub plant community.
- witches' broomProliferation of many shoots near the end of a branch in response to the death of the terminal bud
- witch's broomplant disorder characterized by a shortening of the internodes and a proliferation of terminal shoots forming a dense. brush-like mass of twigs.
- WLLworking-load limit
- woodhard. fibrous inner part of tree trunks. branches. and stems. The secondary xylem of seed plants.
- woodyPlant type that contains secondary xylem
- woody plantplant whose stem (and branches) have a wood-like consistency (e.g.. trees. shrubs. and vines as well as palms. bamboos. and other woody monocots ).
- work planpredetermined. orderly means for job completion.
- work-positioning harnessa body belt or full-body harness designed for hands-free work. and not intended to absorb large forces from falls. work-positioning lanyard. lanyard used in climbing. often as a secondary means of attachment. (see lanyard. safety lanyard. flipline. and buckstrap).
- work zonedefined area of a job site. marked with caution signs and/or cones. where potential hazards exist and safety measures are in place to avoid accidents.
- working endend part of a rope in use for rigging or climbing (contrast with running end and standing part).
- working loadload applied to a rope in normal service. working-load limit (WLL) tensile strength divided by design factor. Maximum load that should not be exceeded in a piece of equipment. rope. or rope assembly when performing its normal working function.
- wound dressingcompound applied to tree wounds or pruning cuts.