Arboriculture Glossary of Terms
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- Castanopsis fissaChestnut oak
- Casuarina equisetifoliaHorsetail Tree
- caterpillarlarva of insects in the Lepidoptera order.
- Catharanthus roseusCatharanthus roseus
- cationpositively charged ion. In soils. the most abundant cations are calcium (Ca). magnesium (Mg). potassium (K). sodium (Na). and aluminum (AI) (contrast with anion).
- cation exchange capacity (CEC)ability of a soil to adsorb and hold cations. Affected by soil pH. Measures soil fertility. clay composition. and engineering characteristics.
- catkinspike-like flower structure. often drooping and fle exible.
- CATVcable television
- causal agentbiotic or abiotic agent that induces a disease or disorder.
- causalityin a legal sense. breach of duty resulting in damage or injury.
- causation in factin determining legal liability. the test of the proximate cause and foreseeability of the consequences.
- CAVATCapital Asset Valuation of Trees
- CECcation exchange capacity
- cellbasic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
- Celtis sinensisChinese Hackberry
- central leadermain stem of a tree. particularly of an excurrent specimen.
- Cerbera manghasCerbera Sea Mango
- Certified Arboristan arborist who has passed an independent exam administered by the International Society of Arboriculture. and maintains the credential through continuing education.
- CEUcontinuing education unit
- CEZconstruction or contractor exclusion zone
- CFRCode of Federal Regulations
- chain sawportable power saw with teeth linked in a loop of chain.
- chain saw lanyardshort rope or webbing lanyard used for securing a chain saw to a climber's harness or to an aerial lift bucket.
- chain saw pantstrousers manufactured with a protective layer designed to slow or stop a chain saw chain (see chaps).
- champion treea tree of great age. size. or condition when compared to trees of the same species grown under the same conditions in the same time frame (see ancient tree and veteran tree).
- chapsform of leg protection or personal protective equipment (PPE) worn when operating a chain saw (see chain saw pants).
- chelateschemical compounds that keep plant nutrients [usually iron (Fe)] soluble and available plant absorption over a broad range of pH.
- chemical control1) control of pests using conventional. manufactured pesticides. 2) management of incompatible vegetation through the use of herbicides or growth regulators.
- chemical injuryplant tissue damage caused by pesticides (insecticides. fungicides. herbicides. plant growth regulators) or other chemicals (see phytotoxicity).
- Chicago gripa device used to clasp and hold EHS cable (see cable grip; contrast with Haven grip).
- chipperequipment used to reduce wood into chips. There are three classes - brush chippers for branches and very small trees. log chippers for larger branches and trees. and whole tree chippers for large trees.
- chlorophyllgreen pigment of plants found in chloroplasts. Captures the energy of the sun and is essential in photosynthesis.
- chloroplastspecialized organelle found in some plant cells. Site of photosynthesis.
- chlorosiswhitish or yellowish leaf discoloration caused by lack of chlorophyll. Often caused by nutrient deficiency.
- Choerospondias axillarisHog Plum
- choggingcutting and removing trunk sections in manageable lengths. which are lifted manually and thrown clear (see blocking).
- chronicdisorder or disease occurring over a long period of time (contrast with acute).
- Chrysalidocarpus lutescensChrysalidocarpus lutescens
- Cinnamomum burmanniiBatavia Cinnamon
- Cinnamomum camphoraCamphor Tree
- Cinnamomun parthenoxylonYellow Cinnamon
- circling rootsroots that grow in a circular pattern when a plant is confined in the same container longer than necessary. If not corrected. will prevent a tree from establishing well when planted and will create future problems. such as blow-over. girdling roots. and strangulation.
- circuitin an electric utility system. a network with a closed loop. allowing a return path for the electrical current. Electric utility circuits may include feeders and some primaries.
- city foresteran individual specializing in the fields of arboriculture and urban forestry and having responsibility for the management of all or part of planted and naturally occuring greenspaces on public land in communities (see urban forester. tree warden . municipal arborist. and tree officer).
- classtaxonomic group below the division level but above the order level.
- Clausena lansiumWampi
- clay1) soil particles with a typical grain size less than 0.004 mm. 2) a soil predominantly composed of such particles (contrast with sand and silt).
- cleaningsee crown cleaning.
- clearance1) amount of open space between a tree or tree part and another object. the ground. or pedestrian or vehicle traffic on the ground. 2) in an electric utility system and utility arboriculture. the distance between trees and utility lines (especially poles. crossarms. and conductors). 3) the creation or maintenance of these distances by qualified line-clearance personnel; line clearance work.
- Cleistocalyx operculatusLidded Cleistocalyx - Water Banyan
- Clerodendrum thomsoniaeClerodendrum thomsoniae
- clevissee shackle.
- climbing helmeta plastic shell equipped with an adjustable suspension system and a chinstrap. designed to disperse the energy of an object falling on the head. Some helmets may be designed to take side. front. and back impacts (contrast with hard hat).
- climbing hitchhitch used to secure a tree climber to the climbing line. which permits controlled ascent. descent. and work positioning.
- climbing linerope that meets specifications for use in tree climbing.
- climbing saddlework-positioning harness designed for climbing trees (see harness).
- climbing spurssharp devices strapped to a climber's lower legs to assist in climbing poles or trees being removed. Also called spikes. gaffs. irons. hooks. or climbers.
- clonal communitiesgroups or clusters of plants that are clones. often produced from root sprouts by trees of certain species.
- clonesasexually produced organisms that are genetically identical.
- closed chain of custodyan end-to-end process of documented ownership for herbicides. adjuvants. and containers from manufacturer through application. and the return of returnable. reusable containers to a customer blender for refilling and reuse.
- clove hitchknot used to secure a rope to an object.
- CMLcustomer minutes lost
- codominantforked branches nearly the same size in diameter. arising from a common junction and lacking a normal branch union; may have included bark.
- codominant branches/codominant stemsforked branches nearly the same size in diameter. arising from a common junction and lacking a normal branch union.
- codominant trees in a standmore than one tree sharing dominance in a stand. contrast codominant branches.
- collarRing of trunk tissue that surrounds a lateral branch at its point of attachment to the stem
- collar cuta cut made just beyond a branch collar. where the diameter tapers (see removal cut).
- collective bargaining agreementlegally binding employment contract between a union and agency for wages. benefits. working conditions. and grievance procedures.
- colloidpredominantly negatively charged soil particles of clay and humus that adsorb cations. When positively charged. anions are adsorbed. Storage site for plant nutrients.
- come-along1) portable winching device. using cable or rope to draw two objects closer together. 2) simple arrangement of rope knots and loops to create mechanical advantage.
- command-and-response systemsystem of vocal communication in tree care operations used to convey critical information and ensure understanding by another worker. often between a worker aloft and a ground worker.
- common-grade cablein North America. flexible steel rope made up of seven wire strands that are twisted helically together.
- communicationprocess of conveying information between or among people.
- compactionclosely or firmly packed or joined together (see soil compaction).
- companion cellspecialized cell in the angiosperm phloem derived from the same parent cell as the closely associated. immediately adjacent sieve-tube member.
- compatible vegetationvegetation that is desirable or consistent with the intended use of the site. For example. plant specie that will never grow sufficiently close to violate minimum clearance distances with electric conductors.
- complete fertilizerfertilizer containing the three primary elements nitrogen (N). phosphorus (P). and potassium (K).
- complexcombination of factors contributing to the stress or decline of a tree.
- compost1) n. organic matter that has been intentionally subjected to decay processes and is more or less decomposed. 2) v. to subject organic matter to decay and decomposition processes.
- compound leafleaf with two or more leaflets (contrast with simple leaf).
- compressive strengththe capacity of materials to withstand crushing pressure.
- conduction1) movement of water or nutrients within a plant. 2) the transmission of heat through matter; as in heat transferred through metal.
- conductivea material property capable of conducting heat or electricity.
- conductor1) in an electric utility system. metal wires. cables. and bus-bar used for carrying electric current. Conductors may be solid or stranded (i.e.. built up by an assembly of smaller solid conductors). 2) any object. material. or medium (e.g.. guy wires. communication cables. tools. equipment. vehicles. humans. animals) capable of conducting electricity if energized. intentionally or unintentionally.
- conductor sagin an electric utility system. linear expansion of overhead wires in warm weather and/or during periods of high electrical flow. causing a droop or sag below its height at other times.
- cone1) ovule or pollen-bearing structure of conifers. 2) a bright-colored traffic control device used to isolate areas on work sites from pedestrians or vehicles.
- conflict resolutionprocess of resolving a situation in which people feel a threat to their well-being.
- conifercone-bearing tree or other plant that has its seeds in a structure called a cone.
- connecting devicemechanical connecting link.
- connecting linkcomponent of a rigging or climbing system that connects other components.
- connector clampa multi-purpose bolt clamp that is used to bond conductors. or bond a conductor to a ground terminal or tree supplemental support system.
- conservationplanned management of natural resources to maintain value and contributions. prevent exploitation. destruction. or neglect. and minimize negative impacts from human activity.
- contact insecticidesmaterials that are applied and cause insect injury or death on contact.
- contact pesticidematerial that causes pest injury or death on contact
- contact pesticidesmaterials that are applied and cause pest injury or death on contact.
- container growntree or other plant that has been grown and marketed in a container (contrast with balled and burlapped. bare root. containerized. and in-ground fabric bag-grown).
- containerizedfield-grown plant placed into a container for a time and then sold as a potted plant. Term does not include a plant initially grown in a container (contrast with balled and burlapped. bare root. container grown. and in-ground fabric bag-grown).
- continuing educationongoing education. particularly for professionals required to attend or complete additional instruction or training to maintain certification. licensing. membership. or registration.
- continuing education unit (CEU)a measure and confirmation of continuing education.
- control linein speedlining. the line used to control the descent of the load on the speedline and to retrieve the pulley or traveler assembly.